DNA damage in spleen as a indicator of genotoxicity in Channa punctatus exposed to 4-nonylphenol

Abstract

Aim : The present study was performed to evaluate the genotoxic effect of 4-nonylphenol after acute and subchronic exposure in spleen tissue of Channa punctatus, recovery in DNAdamage was also ascertained after 30 days of cessation of exposure. Methodology : Tail length (TL), tail intensity (TI), tail moment (TM), Olive tail moment (OTM) was used as biological indicators of DNAdamage. The fish were exposed to different sublethal concentrations of 4-NP for 96 hrs (acute exposure) and for 90 days (sub chronic exposure). Results : Exposed groups showed significantly higher DNA damage in both acute and sub chronic exposure as compared to control groups. In the case of acute exposure, the highest damage was observed at 24 hr of exposure followed by a decline in the value of all the parameters, while in the later hours of exposure these value further increased. On the other hand, in the case of sub-chronic exposure, the highest damage was observed after treatment with 0.10 mg I-1 concentration of 4-NP at 90 days of exposure. Recovery experiment showed a decrease in the values of all the parameter's studied, however, a significant decrease was observed only at the highest concentration. Interpretation : The results conclude the DNAdamaging potential of 4-nonylphenol and highlighted the usage of spleen tissue for genotoxicity testing.