Painful scrotum

Abstract

The differential diagnosis of a painful scrotum includes epididymitis, orchitis, testicular torsion, testicular appendage torsion, Fournier’s gangrene, incarcerated inguinal hernia, hydrocele, varicocle, and trauma. The etiology of scrotal pain can usually be determined on the basis of history and physical examination. Laboratory tests, radiological examination, and occasionally scrotal exploration may also be necessary to confirm the diagnosis. The duration of pain (acute vs. chronic) and age of the patient (child/adolescent vs. adult) are particularly helpful in narrowing the differential.