Comparison of UVC Sensitivity and Dectin-2 Expression between Malignant and Non-malignant Cells

Abstract

Background/Aim: Rapid spread of COVID-19 resulted in the revision of the value of ultraviolet C (UVC) sterilization in working spaces. This study aimed at investigating the UVC sensitivity of eighteen malignant and nonmalignant cell lines, the protective activity of sodium ascorbate against UVC, and whether Dectin-2 is involved in UVC sensitivity. Materials and Methods: Various cell lines were exposed to UVC for 3 min, and cell viability was determined using the MTT assay. Anti-UV activity was determined as the ratio of 50% cytotoxic concentration (determined with unirradiated cells) to 50% effective concentration (that restored half of the UV-induced loss of viability). Dectin-2 expression was quantified using flow cytometry. Results: The use of culture medium rather than phosphate-buffered saline is recommended as irradiation solution, since several cells are easily detached during irradiation in phosphate-buffered saline. Oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines showed the highest UV sensitivity, followed by neuroblastoma, glioblastoma, leukemia, melanoma, lung carcinoma cells, and normal oral and dermal fibroblasts. Human dermal fibroblasts were more resistant than melanoma cell lines; however, both expressed Dectin-2. Sodium ascorbate at micromolar concentrations eliminated the cytotoxicity of UVC in these cell lines. Conclusion: Normal cells are generally UVC-resistant compared to corresponding malignant cells, which have higher growth potential. Dectin-2 protein expression itself may not be determinant of UVC sensitivity.