Oxidative stress and periodontal disease in diabetic patients: a 3-month pilot study

Abstract

Oxidative stress is involved in both Periodontal Disease (PD) and Diabetes Mellitus (DM) . The present study aimed to evaluate the oxidative balance in diabetic patients diagnosed with PD before and after non - surgical periodontal treatment . Materials and methods : Sixty patients were divided into three groups all receiving non - surgical periodontal treatment plus either chlorhexidine , ozone - therapy or antioxidant mouth - rinse . Probing depth (PPD) , Percentage Plaque Index (%PI) and Percentage Bleeding on Probing (%BoP) were recorded . Free - radicals (dROMs) , plasmatic antioxidants (PAT) , salivary antioxidants (SAT) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA 1 c) were measured . Results : Mean PPD at baseline was 3 . 14 mm . Mean PPD three months after was 2 . 05 mm . The overall %PI at baseline was 55% and %BOP 76% . Three months after treatment %PI was 34% and %BoP was 64% . The longitudinal analysis did not show differences between groups . Mean dROMs at baseline was 353 U . Carr (oxidative stress) and decreased after three months reaching 295 U . Carr (normal) . SAT was 2083 U . Carr at baseline (inflammation) and decreased to 1337 U . Carr (ideal) . The longitudinal analysis did not show differences between groups . Mean HbA 1 c at baseline was 6 . 92% and decreased significantly to 6 . 63% three months after treatment . Conclusion :Based on the results of the present study, oxidative stress should be further investigated as a potential modulator of the clinical course of both DM and PD. Introduction