Methodological Substantiations of Philosophical and Anthropological Explication of the Phenomenon of Freedom

Abstract

The main issue the author’s attention is concentrated on is the detection of the main methodological approaches to the analysis of the diversity of freedom types for the purpose of freedom’s philosophical and anthropological explication. A wide range of methodological and theoretical approaches of philosophical anthropology, cultural philosophy and social psychology is applied in the research. In the context of philosophical and anthropological research of the main methodological approaches to the analysis of the phenomenon “freedom” the author considers it to be necessary to differentiate the diversity of freedom types into three main types depending on the area it is applied: Freedom to choose, freedom to wish, freedom to act. It is emphasized that in philosophical and anthropological explication the most adequate solution of the problem of freedom essence should cover all its types which are to be added with the investigation of peculiarities of a personality itself as its bearer. That is why the analysis of personalities typologization in accordance with coordination between external freedom and internal freedom. It is concluded that philosophical and anthropological explication is the phenomenon of freedom is its duality, antimony, irreconcilability and ambivalence impeding the possibility of full and exhaustive comprehension of its dialogic and polylogic character represented with the multitude of features. Real freedom displays are conditioned by sociocultural reality, at that real freedom exists when its existence is limited. True freedom discovery doesn’t come to solely its external display but mostly it is a consequence of the ego change at the expense of existence with the help of neantization, life contemplating giving a prospective of recognition and transformation of sense purposes. It performs as an anthropological and sociocultural phenomenon that enables a personality to realize transmission from potential state to realized one at the expense of work as the movement to a contemplated result that requires will and self-determination.