Interactive Governance for Mangrove Social-Ecological System in Tangerang Regency: A DPSIR Approach

Abstract

A conceptual model is needed to determine the interaction of ecological and social systems in the governance of a sustainable mangrove ecosystem. The SES approach can be used to analyze the management of mangrove ecosystem areas on the interaction or connectivity of functional system relationships. This research analyzes the social-ecological system (SES) model in managing mangrove ecosystem areas in Tangerang Regency. This research is a descriptive case study, where data collection is carried out through surveys, field observations, and literature studies. Analysis of SES problems with the DPSIR (Driving-force, Pressure, State, Impact, and Response) approach shows that the issues of governance of mangrove ecosystems in Tangerang Regency are driven by the mangrove ecosystem services themselves, population increase, space utilization, economic activities, and the welfare level and knowledge of sustainable ecosystem management. These driving factors cause pressure on the mangrove ecosystem due to the conversion of land functions and activities of ecosystem utilization, causing environmental degradation conditions and increasingly intensive use of mangrove ecosystems. These conditions cause impacts on the socio-ecological system, namely spatial use conflicts, deforestation, environmental pollution, the decline in ecosystem functions, abrasion and accretion, tidal flooding, and social conflicts. These impacts can be suppressed, mitigated, improved, and minimized through mangrove ecosystem governance policies, namely rehabilitation and restoration, ecotourism development, coastal border conservation, silvofishery ponds, coastal community development movement programs, increased public education, and cooperative management based.