Electromechanical Feedback Mechanisms and Power Transfer in the Mammalian Cochlea

Abstract

This SHAR volume serves to expand, supplement, and update the original "Cochlea" volume in the series. The book aims to highlight the power of diverse modern approaches in cochlear research by focusing on advances in those fields over the last two decades. It also provides insights into where cochlear research is going, including new hearing prostheses for the deaf that will most likely soon enter the phase of clinical trials. The book will appeal to a broad, interdisciplinary readership, including neuroscientists and clinicians in addition to the more specific auditory community. Acoustical Society of America; Series Preface; Preface 1992; Volume Preface; Contents; Contributors; 1 Major Advances in Cochlear Research; Abstract; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 The Cochlea: What It Is, Where It Came From, and What Is Special About It; 1.3 New Directions in Cochlear Development; 1.4 Mechanical Transduction Processes in the Hair Cell; 1.5 Prestin: Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Outer Hair Cell Electromotility; 1.6 Electromechanical Feedback Mechanisms and Power Transfer in the Mammalian Cochlea; 1.7 Hair Cells and Their Synapses 1.8 Afferent Coding and Efferent Control in the Normal and Impaired Cochlea; 1.9 Ion and Fluid Homeostasis in the Cochlea; 1.10 Remote Sensing the Cochlea: Otoacoustics; 1.11 Localized Internal Stimulation of the Living Cochlea Using Electrical and Optical Methods; 1.12 Summary and Outlook; Compliance with Ethics Requirements; References; 2 The Cochlea: What It Is, Where It Came From, and What Is Special About It; Abstract; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Where Did the Cochlea Come From?; 2.3 What Is Special About the Cochlea?; 2.3.1 The Loss of the Lagena; 2.3.2 The Advent of Bony Laminae 2.3.3 Modifications of the Prestin Molecule; 2.4 Did Coiling Have Any Effect on Function?; 2.5 The Cochlea (Also) Determines the Hearing Range; 2.6 Variation in Cochlear Form and Dimensions; 2.7 Cochleae and Other Hearing Organs; 2.8 Summary; Compliance with Ethics Requirements; References; 3 New Directions in Cochlear Development; Abstract; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Embryonic Origin of the Mammalian Cochlea; 3.2.1 Defining the Cardinal Axes of the Inner Ear; 3.2.2 Transforming the Ventral Otocyst into the Cochlear Duct; 3.2.3 Outstanding Issues Concerning the Embryonic Origin of the Cochlea 3.3 Formation of the Cochlear Prosensory Domain; 3.3.1 Role of Notch Signaling and Sox2 in the Formation of Prosensory Patches; 3.3.2 Role of Other Signaling Pathways in the Induction of the Cochlear Prosensory Domain: Fibroblast Growth Factors, Bone Morphogenetic Proteins, and Wnts; 3.3.3 Outstanding Issues Concerning the Induction and Radial Patterning of the Prosensory Domain; 3.4 Coordinating Developmental Gradients of Differentiation and Cell Cycle Exit in the Cochlea; 3.4.1 The Unusual Pattern of Cell Cycle Exit and Differentiation in the Cochlea 3.4.2 How Are Cell Cycle Exit and Differentiation Uncoupled in the Cochlea?; 3.4.3 Outstanding Issues Concerning Cell Cycle Exit and Differentiation in the Prosensory Domain; 3.5 Fine-Grained Patterning and Cell-Type Specification in the Organ of Corti; 3.5.1 Notch Signaling as a Mechanism to Distinguish Hair Cells from Supporting Cells; 3.5.2 Specification of Subtypes of Hair Cells and Supporting Cells in the Organ of Corti; 3.5.3 Outstanding Issues Concerning the Specification of Hair Cell and Supporting Cell Subtypes; 3.6 Innervation of the Organ of Corti