Three-dimensional data modeling of real estate objects in China

Abstract

Real estate units are the elementary management units of uniform real estate registrations that include land and fixed objects such as aboveground buildings. Three-dimensional real estate objects better represent real estate units with complex structures and are suitable for ground-based, aerial and underground registrations of 3D real estate property rights. In this paper, 3D real estate data modeling and representations are investigated in detail: A conceptual model for 3D real estate objects based on the land administration domain model proposed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Geographic Information System Technical Committee (ISO/TC211, Geographic information/geomatics, new work item proposal, geographic information—Land administration model (LADM), ISO/TC211, N 2358, 2008-02-01, 2008) and on the “integrated property and land” conditions in China is considered; rights and property/land relationships are elaborated and extended; within a geometric model of 3D real estate objects, a 3D model of regular real estate units is created from a 2D base map via height extrusion; and a physical model of complex irregular real estate units is created via a convex hull of triangulated tetrahedrons. 3D real estate data modeling has broad applications in areas such as property tax, real estate development and urban planning.