Solid-state fermentation of sterile slurry and palm kernel cake (PKC) mixture using Rhizopus azygosporus UICC 539

Abstract

This study described solid-state fermentation of sterile slurry and palm kernel cake (PKC) mixtures by Rhizopus azygosporus UICC 539, preparation of the fungus and waste mixture as a formula for animal feed, and analysis of nutrient content of the formula. Preparation of inoculum (v/v) in Potato Sucrose Broth (PSB) was carried out at 30 and 40 °C for 5 days. Wet weight biomass was used as inoculum for solid-state fermentation (SSF) using sterile slurry and PKC (3:1) mixtures and SSF was carried out in flat trays (20-20-5 cm) at 30 and 40 °C for 5 days. The fermented waste mixture was dried at 60 °C for 5 days. Changes in nutrient content of the formula were observed by comparing the treatment and control. Formula prepared at 30 °C showed an increase in carbohydrate, protein and moisture content. A decrease was observed in total fat and ash content, calorie from fat and total calorie. Formula prepared at 40 °C showed an increase in protein and ash content. A decrease was observed in carbohydrate, moisture and total fat content, calorie from fat, and total calorie. Rhizopus azygosporus UICC 539 was able to grow and utilize the palm oil processing waste and improved the nutrient content of the formula.