The Impact of Ownership Structure on the Indicator of Financial Distress In Indonesian Companies

Abstract

The increase in bankruptcy cases and delaying debt repayment by 16.43 percent during the year of 2015 to 2017 reinforced the importance of having good corporate governance to avoid this issue. This study aims to delve into the effect of ownership structures on the risk of financial distress in 421 companies (except financial institutions) in the period from 2012 to 2017. The types of ownership that are being examined are Institutional Ownership, Insider Ownership, Government Ownership, and Foreign Ownership. This study uses OLS Driscoll-Kraay standard error panel data regression. The results of this study shows that Institutional Ownership has a positive relationship to financial distress which is caused by the tendency of Institutional investors to conduct passive monitoring. Inversely, foreign ownership and government ownership have been proven to have a negative relationship with the risk of financial distress. This was caused by the capability of the foreign investors to do better- monitoring activities and maintain the ultimate shareholder’s company in their home country. Furthermore, the presence of merah putih shares allows the government to have absolute voting power. This research intends to provide new business perspectives to companies, investors, regulators, creditors, and other stakeholders for economic decision- making purposes.