Mechanism of potassium solubilization in the agricultural soils by the help of soil microorganisms

Abstract

Potassium (K) is an essential macronutrient, largely required for normal functioning of plants; however, its solubilization is an important detriment for limiting agricultural productivity. This happens mainly because of insoluble forms of K, i.e. silicate minerals are present in the earth’s crust. These minerals gradually dissolute K through different weathering processes. However, the use of certain microbes can assist the solubilization of K in addition to physical and chemical weathering of K minerals. These microorganisms, particularly bacteria, convert insoluble form of K to soluble forms, viz. acidification, chelation and exchange reactions. In this chapter, efforts are made to describe the possible ways of K release by the microbes. In addition, potential of different microbial species is summarized. Moreover, suggestions are provided for the sustainable plant production. In this way, the substantial decrease in the cost of commercial fertilizers could be expected.