Bioethanol production from renewable biomass by yeast

Abstract

Bioethanol produced from renewable biomass such as lignocellulosic materials like potato peel waste, wood, and agricultural and forest residues has the potential to replace the fuel extracted from nonrenewable resources. The main step involved is hydrolysis which enables the hemicelluloses and cellulose present in the renewable biomass to be converted into monomeric sugars. The process included a basic pretreatment of the renewable biomass with different concentrations acid, base, ionic liquid, etc. to get the maximum concentration of reducing sugars and nonreducing sugars. Media optimization is a basic step which can be achieved by adding different concentrations of yeast extract, peptone, KH2PO4, MgSO4.7H2O, (NH2)2 SO4, and glucose and subjected to fermentation. Media is supplemented by the addition of organic and inorganic nitrogen source for better fermentation and high yield. FTIR is used to analyze the structure of pretreated biomass, while HPLC is used to determine the concentration of reducing sugars. Formation of ethanol and by-products such as acetic acid is analyzed by GC-MS method.