Non-neurogenic male lower urinary tract symptoms (incl. Benign prostatic hyperplasia)

Abstract

In the past, lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men over 40 years were always attributed to the enlarged prostate. The common term which was used in the medical world was benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), which is merely a histological diagnosis. Benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) means an enlarged prostate, with or without symptoms, whereas benign prostatic obstruction (BPO) is a urodynamic term which can only be diagnosed after pressure-fl ow studies and is defi ned by bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) due to BPE (Table 41.1). We know that other factors other than prostate enlargement contribute to LUTS, such as overactive bladder (OAB), detrusor underactivity, and nocturnal polyuria.