Extended 3-party ACCE and application to LoRaWAN 1.1

Abstract

LoRaWAN is an IoT protocol deployed worldwide. Whereas the first version 1.0 has been shown to be weak against several types of attacks, the new version 1.1 has been recently released, and aims, in particular, at providing corrections to the previous release. It introduces also a third entity, turning the original 2-party protocol into a 3-party protocol. In this paper, we provide the first security analysis of LoRaWAN 1.1 in its 3-party setting with a provable approach, and show that it suffers from several flaws. Based on the 3(S)ACCE model of Bhargavan et al., we then propose an extended framework that we use to analyse the security of LoRaWAN-like 3-party protocols, and describe a generic 3-party protocol provably secure in this extended model. We use this provable security approach to propose a slightly modified version of LoRaWAN 1.1. We show how to concretely instantiate this alternative, and formally prove its security in our extended model.