Anatomy of the upper and lower lids

Abstract

The anatomy of the eyelids is divided into two lamellae, the anterior and the posterior. The anterior lamella consists of the skin and orbicularis muscle, while the posterior lamella consists of the tarsal plate and conjunctiva. Some authors also consider a third lamella, the middle lamella, where the orbital septum and the capsulopalpebral fascia (CPF) are located. Fat bags, medial and lateral canthus tendons, as well as muscles and important ligament structures of the eyelids are also covered in this chapter. At the end of the chapter, the reader should be able to know the rich and delicate eyelid anatomy with their muscles and ligament structures.