Petroleum Geology of Carbonate Reservoir

Abstract

Carbonate rocks are important for oil and gas reservoir and petroleum production globally; the oil and gas production from carbonate rocks represented 60% of total production worldwide (Roeh and Choquette, 1985). In China, carbonate rocks occur in an area of 250 ×104 km2 that represent 55% of the total area covered by sedimentary rocks. Carbonate rocks mainly occur in the Sichuan basin, the Tarim basin and the Eerduosi basin (Fu et al., 2002; Zhao et al., 2002; Zhao 2004). In China, the total thickness of stratigraphic sequences from the late Proterozoic eonothem to the Cenozoic erathem is approximately 27,000 m; the thickness of the carbonate rocks is approximately 11,000 m, which represents 41% of the total stratigraphic thickness in China (Zou et al., 2007; Lu et al., 2000; Dai et al., 1997; Dai 1999; Dai 2003; Zhang et al., 2003; Lou et al., 2001; Dou et al., 2003). Most of these are marine scarbonate rocks and the lacustrine carbonate rocks only appear in the Mesozoic-Cenozoic strata.