Pharmacological and molecular approaches have shown that an atypical β-adrenoceptor (AR), called β3-AR, that is distinct from β1-ARs and β2-ARs, exists in some tissues in heterogeneous populations such as β3a-ARs and β3b-ARs. β3-ARs belong to a superfamily of receptors linked to guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G proteins). The β3-AR gene contains two introns whereas the β1-AR and β2-AR genes are intronless, leading to splice variants. β3-ARs can couple to Gi and Gs and they are reported to be present in brown adipose tissue, vasculature, the heart, among other tissues. β3-ARs cause vasodilation of microvessels in the islets of Langerhans and may participate in the pathogenesis of cardiac failure, during which modification of β1-AR and β2-AR expression occurs. The development of β3-AR agonists has led to the elaboration of promising new drugs, including antiobesity and antidiabetic drugs. This article reviews the various pharmacological actions of β3-ARs and their clinical implications for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. © 2011, SAGE Publications. All rights reserved.
CITATION STYLE
Bhadada, S. V., Patel, B. M., Mehta, A. A., & Goyal, R. K. (2011). β3 Receptors: Role in cardiometabolic disorders. Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism. https://doi.org/10.1177/2042018810390259
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