Human behavior under emergency and its simulation modeling: A review

Abstract

An emergency is a serious, unexpected, and potentially life-threatening situation requiring immediate action. Emergency evacuation is the most critical step to save people’s lives. The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of various factors to investigate human behavior under emergency situations. Computational modeling and simulation as a practical way to replicate human behavior change requires quantifying psychological and physical parameters. Previous studies on humans and animals, as well as common simulation approaches were reviewed. According to the results of this literature review, future experiments or simulations can consider not only physical parameters such as human dynamics, but also quantifying psychological parameters such as interpersonal relationship, goal-seeking behavior, decision-making differences, and many more.