Analysis of labor discrimination against women in Ecuador 2007-2016

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to quantify wage gaps between men and women in Ecuador over the period 2007 - 2016. Based on Enemdu survey, the proposed methodology is based on Mincer type estimates (1974) to identify the determinants of labor income and in the decomposition method of wage differentials (Oaxaca, 1973 and Blinder, 1973). The results indicate that in 2016, there was a statistically significant net salary difference of 4.5% in favor of men contrasted with women. 66% of this difference is explained by salary discrimination by sex. We conclude that in spite of the educational achievements obtained over the last decade and because of the absence of an employment policy and the low economic cycle, there are still challenges in the labor field, particularly in terms of access to employment, which at the same time ensures equity for women.