Physico-Chemical Analysis of Groundwater Quality of Adjoining Areas of Sambhar Lake, A Ramsar Wetland of Rajasthan, India

Abstract

Water is not only essential for drinking but also needed for agriculture and industrial use. However, for safe and sustainable use of water for any sector, its quality is to be ensured. Therefore, the study was carried out for water quality of samples collected from different sites in the Lake periphery as well as in the catchment areas. Groundwater samples were collected from different locations of Sambhar Lake city and its adjoining area for their physico-chemical studies. The standard methods of APHA were used to analysis 8 samples collected from hand pumps, bore wells and tube wells of the specified area. The analytical results show pH varies between 7.4-8.6, Electrical conductivity between 1723 µs/cm-23400 µs/cm, Total hardness between 402.0 mg/l-3657.0 mg/l, Calcium between 103.21 mg/l-943.43 mg/l, Alkalinity between 309.69 mg/l-496.92 mg/l, Chloride between 543.0 mg/l-9926.0 mg/l, Magnesium 35.11 mg/l-316.0 mg/l, Total dissolved solids between 1175 mg/l-14900 mg/l, Sulphate between 117.6 mg/l-943.98 mg/l, Fluoride between 0.69 mg/l-2.01 mg/l, Nitrate between 7.69 mg/l-28.45 mg/l, Iron between 0.19 mg/l-0.42 mg/l, Boron between 0.76 mg/l-1.98 mg/l, Zinc between 0.01 mg/l-0.97 mg/l, Chromium between 0.012 mg/l -0.033 mg/l, Copper between 0.037 mg/l -0.065 mg/l, Manganese between 0.11 mg/l-0.97 mg/l, Lead 0.011 mg/l-0.12 mg/l, Sodium 67.0 mg/l -2312.0 mg/l, Potassium 3.40 mg/l -18.90 mg/l.