Role of immunosenescence in infections and sepsis in the elderly

Abstract

It is well-known that infections and sepsis are increased in elderly subjects, and that the immune system changes with age. The question arises whether dysfunctionality of the immune system, or immunosenescence, contributes to this increased incidence of infections and if so, how. As the immune system evolved to protect against infection, the role of aging is likely to be important for the increased occurrence, progression and outcome of infections and sepsis in the elderly. However, the intricate multiple mechanisms that contribute to this increase are difficult to dissect with certitude and remain controversial. Immune alterations most likely to contribute to this overwhelming clinical burden of infections and sepsis will be reviewed in this chapter.