The petroleum industry is often divided into three business sectors: Upstream, Midstream and Downstream. Upstream and downstream have been well defined and adopted in petroleum companies and communities. Mid-stream operations and processes generally include transportation, storage, and trading of crude oil and refined products. Midstream generally starts after wellhead treatments and ends at the point where a hydrocarbon stream enters refinery storage tanks (i.e., the tank farm). The liquefaction of natural gas to LNG, extraction/dilution of bitumen, and production of synthetic crude oil (syn crude) for transportation fit best into midstream rather than upstream because they require significant downstream expertise.
CITATION STYLE
Hsu, C. S., & Robinson, P. R. (2019). Midstream Transportation, Storage, and Processing. In Petroleum Science and Technology (pp. 385–394). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16275-7_17
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