Obesity and infertility

Abstract

Elevated body weight can decrease fertility in men and women. It increases the risk ofovulatory dysfunction and insulin resistance but can also decrease chance of conception in women with regular cycles. In men, excess adipose tissue can create an unfavorable endocrine profile and decrease sperm count and quality. Obstetrical morbidity and mortality, and metabolic consequences for the next generation, increase with elevated body weight so the ideal time to optimize BMI is preconception. Strategies for weight loss should center on caloric restriction and increased physical activity, but can utilize medication and surgery as adjuncts.