N-doped Porous Carbon from Palm Male Flower via Hydrothermal Carbonization

Abstract

N-doped porous carbon materials were produced from palm male flower using hydrothermal carbonization processes at 200 C for 24 h followed by N-Doping and carbonization at 700C for 2 h. N-doping was carried out by impregnation using NH4OH at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 M and 2 M. Products were characterized by means of chemical composition and morphology using SEM, XPS, and XRD to characterize specific properties such as physical morpholog, porosity, elemental composition on surface and crystalline structure of PMF. After applying hydrothermal carbonization processes, the results showed substantially increased porosity and surface area with suitable microstructure for N-doped electrodes applications. The highest porosity was obtained at NPC-1.5 M.