The Healthcare Simulation Technology Specialist and Educational Constructs in Simulation

Abstract

Instructional design models are used to guide the development of education and training programs. Simulation is a learning activity commonly used in healthcare education and training programs. The US Navy developed a modification of the popular ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) model of instructional design, known as PADDIE+M. The modified version is well suited to simulation-based education as it incorporates two extra steps that are invaluable additions to a simulation program: planning and maintenance. While many different simulation instructional models exist, this chapter explores application of the PADDIE+M process to healthcare simulation course development. Many important educational theories and practices are introduced here to highlight their application for each phase of the development and review process of designing and running a simulation scenario.