Pengaruh Metode Pengukuran Jarak pada Algoritma k-NN untuk Klasifikasi Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan

Abstract

Forest and land fires are a serious and recurring problem in Indonesia. The high intensity of forest fires is caused by the distribution of hotspots in fire-prone areas. One of the efforts to prevent and minimize the risk of forest fires is to identify the types of hotspots using a classification approach. One of the most popular classification algorithms is k Nearest Neighbor (k-NN). The algorithm uses a distance calculation approach in classifying objects. The purpose of this study is to classify the types of hotspots scattered in Indonesia using the k-NN algorithm and to analyze the effect of the distance calculation method on the k-NN algorithm. The types of distance measurement methods analyzed include Euclidean, Canberra, Chebyshev, and Manhattan. The dataset used is the distribution of hotspots in Indonesia obtained from Global Forest Watch (GFW). The study designed a dataset with two conditions, through the pre-processing stage and not. In general, the model accuracy of the k-NN combination with various distance measurement methods is above 90%. The pre-processing stage can increase the model's performance 1-8 times. The combination of k-NN with Manhattan is the best choice to identify the types of hotspots with an accuracy of 92.6%.