Flow injection: The ultimate approach to automation in analytical atomic spectroscopy

Abstract

Automation in analytical systems is reviewed, especially with regard to the preparation and analysis of solutions. Flow injection analysis (FI) lends itself to these needs as it enables many procedures such as dilution, reagent addition, derivatization etc to be automated. Fl is now used even for automating chemical reactions such as solid sorbent extraction precipitation and coprecipitation. An advantage of Fl is that it is used successfully even in non-equilibrium conditions and with a suitable data management package allows single reference solution calibration. It is one of the few methods available capable of addressing total automation from sample preparation to data manipulation. © 1993 IUPAC.