Naloxone does not alter the arousal response decrement after repeated exposure to hypoxemia during sleep in lambs

Abstract

Experiments were done to determine if endogenous opiates cause the arousal response decrement that follows repeated exposure to hypoxemia during sleep in lambs. Five lambs were anesthetized and instrumented for sleep staging and measurement of arterial Hb oxygen saturation. No sooner than 3 d after surgery, measurements were made in quiet sleep and active sleep during control periods when the lambs were breathing 21% oxygen and during experimental periods when the lambs were breathing 5% oxygen. The experimental period was terminated during each epoch by changing the inspired gas mixture back to 21% oxygen, once the lamb aroused from sleep. After each lamb had been exposed to 5% oxygen during 100 consecutive epochs of sleep, naloxone—an opiate antagonist—was given i.v. in a dose of 3 mg/kg as a bolus. The animals continued to be exposed to 5% oxygen during six more epochs of sleep after the administration of naloxone. Arousal occurred from both sleep states during rapidly developing hypoxemia but was delayed in active sleep compared to quiet sleep. The arterial Hb oxygen saturation at arousal was significantly lower, and the time to arousal was significantly longer with repeated exposure to hypoxemia during both quiet sleep and active sleep. Naloxone did not alter this arousal response decrement to hypoxemia. Thus, our data provide evidence that endogenous opiates do not play a major role in causing the arousal response decrement that follows repeated exposure to hypoxemia during sleep in lambs. © 1992 International Pediatric Research Foundation, Inc.