Emerging application of nanoparticle-enriched cutting fluid in metal removal processes: a review

Abstract

In metal removal processes, the role of cooling and lubricating fluid is very crucial for improving the performance of machining. When metallic and non-metallic nanoparticles (less than 100 nm) are added to the base fluid, it is termed as a nanofluid. Due to excellent heat-carrying capacity, lubrication and rheological properties, nanofluids have gained immense importance for growing research activities. Researchers are also exploring synthesis and newer application of nanofluids. In the process, scientists are trying to develop new types of nano-cutting fluids, which are economic and eco-friendly. In this connection, investigations are also underway to find out possible mechanisms for improving cooling and lubricating properties of nanofluids. This paper presents a summary of published literature on the application of nano-enriched cutting fluid in various conventional metal removal processes, such as turning, milling, drilling and grinding. This paper also discusses the effects of different nano-enriched cutting fluids on various metal removal processes and factors influencing their process performance.