Mulligan and Kieser (1996) (ICES Journal of Marine Science, 53: 403-406) proposed a split-beam echo counting model that addressed the problem of non-uniform detection probability combined with non-uniform fish density over the beam cross-section. To apply the model to real data, statistical procedures to estimate three-dimensional density functions, to estimate kernel density smoothing parameters from the data, and to estimate a data-based smoothing parameter for kernel regression have been developed. In addition, a method to select echoes from individual fish that have been accurately tracked by the automatic tracking algorithm is described. The performance of the model was tested using data from a simulation program and from an experiment that compared acoustic estimates with visual counts of migrating salmon.
CITATION STYLE
Mulligan, T. J., & Chen, D. G. (1998). A split-beam echo counting model: Development of statistical procedures. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 55(5), 905–917. https://doi.org/10.1006/jmsc.1998.0353
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