Pulp and Paper Mill Effluents Management

Abstract

Accelerated population growth combined with the economic growth observed in several countries has greatly contributed to an increased demand for paper. Expansion of paper industry has been the trend in several places in Asia, Central and South America. However, implementation of sustainable practices has not followed the same growth, and the paper industry continues to negatively impact the environment and natural resources. In 2010, pulp and paper effluent management studies focused on the direct and indirect approaches that target the mitigation of these negative impacts. From the large pool of papers, the ones that best represent the 2010 literature on pulp and paper industry effluent management are herein presented. For the purpose of this review, papers have been grouped into the following areas: toxicology and monitoring, sustainability practices, biological treatment, physicochemical treatment, and biochemical treatment. ____________________________________________________