Constructing the Theory of Human Basic Potential Based on Quranic Messages: Study with Maqasid Methodology

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to construct a theory of human potential based on the Quranic messages. Human potential is defined as psychological endowments that all human beings have and that can be developed throughout their lives. The discourse of this study is Islamic Psychology, which integrates the science of Psychology and Quranic messages. The method that is used in this study is the Maqasid methodology by Jasseer Auda (2021) and Ali Abdul Moneim (2018). The result of the study shows the existence of four basic human potentials that argued as the starting point of any psychological dynamics. These four basic human potentials are: (1) sensing, that relates to the five senses; (2) reasoning, that includes the dynamics of cognition, intelligence, rationality, and logical thinking; (3) empathy, that covers the dynamics of emotion, attachment, compassion, care, and love; (4) conscience, that covers issues on spirituality, religiosity, universality, and eternity. These four basic human potentials are argued as the driving force of human freedom or independent will. The application of the theory on human potential is discussed relating to mental health and human development in general. The theory of human potential that is constructed in this study can also benefit in the practice of parenting and education and is also to explain social phenomena, especially in this information era. The comparison of the result of this study with other relevant psychological constructs is discussed.