Ratio of serum n-3 to n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and the incidence of major adverse cardiac events in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

Abstract

Background: The relationship between major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and serum polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) parameters has not been well documented in patients who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The aim of the present study was to investigate this relationship. Methods and Results: A total of 284 consecutive patients who underwent elective PCI were enrolled and stratified according to median serum levels of n-6 PUFAs (arachidonic acid [AA]), n-3 PUFAs (eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] and docosahexaenoic acid [DHA]), and serum EPA/AA and DHA/AA ratios. The relationship between these PUFA parameters and the incidence of MACE including cardiac death, acute coronary syndrome, PCI for de novo lesions, and coronary artery bypass grafting, was analyzed. Multivariate analysis showed that among the PUFA parameters, only a high serum EPA/AA ratio was significantly associated with a low incidence of MACE in all the models tested (model A, without adjusted variables: hazard ratio [HR], 0.52; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.27-0.99, P=0.048; model B, adjusted for age and diabetes: HR, 0.51; 95%CI: 0.26-0.98, P=0.043; model C, adjusted for age, sex, diabetes, hypertension, smoking, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol: HR, 0.49; 95%CI: 0.25-0.94, P=0.033). Conclusions: The incidence of MACE in patients who have undergone PCI is significantly associated with serum EPA/AA ratio.