Symptomatic aneurysmal bone cysts of the spine: clinical features, surgical outcomes, and prognostic factors

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of the study was to report the long-term outcomes and analyze the potential prognostic factors that may contribute to symptomatic patients with aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) of the spine undergoing surgical treatments. Methods: A retrospective analysis of consecutive patients with ABCs of the spine was performed. The clinical features were reviewed, and the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. Factors with p values ≤ 0.05 were subjected to multivariate analysis by Cox proportional hazards model to identify the independent prognostic contributors. p values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 42 patients with ABCs of the spine were included in the study. All patients received surgical treatments. The mean follow-up period was 41.3 months (median 39.5, range 24–64). Local recurrence was detected in eight patients after surgery in our center, whereas death occurred in three patients. The estimated 5-year DFS and OS rate was 54.1% and 76.8%, respectively. The statistical analyses indicated that both en bloc resection and primary/secondary tumor status were independent prognostic factors for DFS. Conclusions: Secondary ABC status may be associated with worse prognosis, and en bloc resection remains the treatment of choice for ABCs with neurologic deficits or spinal instability of the spine, which is correlated with better prognosis for local tumor control. Graphical abstract: These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.[Figure not available: see fulltext.].