Pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema – cellular and molecular events

  • Di Petta A
N/ACitations
Citations of this article
31Readers
Mendeley users who have this article in their library.

Abstract

ABSTRACT Pulmonary emphysema is a chronic obstructive disease, resulting from important alterations in the whole distal structure of terminal bronchioles, either by enlargement of air spaces or by destruction of the alveolar wall, leading to loss of respiratory surface, decreased elastic recoil and lung hyperinflation. For many years, the hypothesis of protease-antiprotease unbalance prevailed as the central theme in the pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema. According to this hypothesis, the release of active proteolytic enzymes, produced mainly by neutrophils and macrophages, degrades the extracellular matrix, affecting the integrity of its components, especially collagen and elastic fibers. However, new concepts involving cellular and molecular events were proposed, including oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, cellular senescence and failed lung tissue repair. The aim of this review paper was to evaluate the cellular and molecular mechanisms seen in the pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema.RESUMO O enfisema pulmonar é uma doença obstrutiva crônica, resultante de importantes alterações de toda a estrutura distal do bronquíolo terminal, seja por dilatação dos espaços aéreos, seja por destruição da parede alveolar, ocasionando a perda da superfície respiratória, diminuição do recolhimento elástico e hiperinsuflação pulmonar. Por muitos anos, a hipótese do desequilíbrio enzimático proteinase-antiproteinase prevaleceu como tema central na patogenia do enfisema. De acordo com essa hipótese, a liberação de enzimas proteolíticas ativas, produzidas principalmente por macrófagos e neutrófilos, degrada a matriz extracelular, afetando a integridade de seus componentes, particularmente as fibras colágeno e elástica. Entretanto, novos conceitos envolvendo eventos celulares e moleculares foram propostos, incluindo o estresse oxidativo, a apoptose celular, a senescência celular e a falha no processo de reparo do tecido pulmonar. O objetivo deste artigo de revisão foi avaliar os mecanismos celulares e moleculares da patogenia do enfisema pulmonar.

Cite

CITATION STYLE

APA

Di Petta, A. (2010). Pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema – cellular and molecular events. Einstein (São Paulo), 8(2), 248–251. https://doi.org/10.1590/s1679-45082010rb1480

Register to see more suggestions

Mendeley helps you to discover research relevant for your work.

Already have an account?

Save time finding and organizing research with Mendeley

Sign up for free