Anatomy from the Inside Out

Abstract

The upper aerodigestive tract is a complex region of human anatomy owing to the diverse and dynamic physiologic functions that it provides. A thorough anatomic understanding provides the basis for comprehending the physiology and pathophysiology of various neurologic laryngeal and pharyngeal diseases. As laryngoscopy, both flexible and direct, has become more common and produces higher resolution images, the importance of maintaining an in-depth understanding of laryngeal anatomy has increased significantly. We discuss pharyngeal and laryngeal anatomy from the luminal perspective to aid in interpreting the laryngoscopic exam. Anatomy is reviewed in a stepwise fashion beginning with the laryngeal skeleton and expanding to include all laryngeal structures. Particular detail is provided for vascular structures in planning microlaryngeal surgery and office-based procedures.