Introduction

Abstract

Currently, much of our primary energy need is being supplied by fossil sources. Unfortunately, the heavy use of fossil fuels use has given rise to atmospheric pollution and greenhouse as emissions. In addition, the present petroleum reserves will last only up to 50 years at the current rate of consumption. Hence, there is an urgency to develop use of the renewable energy resources out of which biomass represents an important alternative. Various technologies exist through which biomass can be converted into most preferred liquid form of the fuel or liquid biofuels including bioethanol, biodiesel, and biogasoline. The share of renewable energy sources is expected to increase significantly in coming decades. Biofuels appear to be a potential alternative “greener” energy substitute for fossil fuels. They are renewable and available throughout the world. Biorenewable fuels “refuels” can contribute to sustainable development and globally environmental preservation since they are carbon neutral.