Effects of Obesity on Lung Function

Abstract

Background: Obesity is a major nutritional problem in the world and is a source of multiple co-morbid conditions in metabolic and cardiopulmonary disorders. It is recognized that obesity is associated with impaired lung function and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. This study examines the relation between obesity and lung function using body mass index (BMI) as a measure of overall adiposity and the waist-hip ratio (WHR) as a measure of central adiposity. The study consisted of age matched young males in the age group of 18 to 25 years, assigned into three groups of 25 each-normal (BMI : 18.5-24.99), Overweight (BMI: ≥ 25.00-29.99) and Obese (BMI: ≥ 30.00). The anthropometric measurements including height, weight, waist and hip circumference, BMI, WHR and lung function estimates of peaked expiratory flow (PEF) and FEV 1 were studied. Results of these parameters were compared among the three groups and statistically analysed. BMI was significantly higher in the overweight compared to normal subjects (p < 0.05). The other parameters compared, WHR, PEF, FEV1 did not show significant difference among the normal and overweight individuals. BMI, WHR were significantly higher and PEF, FEV1 were significantly lower in the obese compared to normal subjects (p < 0.05). BMI, WHR were significantly higher and PEF, FEV1 were significantly lower in the obese compared to overweight subjects (p < 0.05). There is a definite relation of BMI and fat distribution on lung function. Increasing BMI and WHR have opposite effects on PEF and FEV1.