Impact of the Surface Properties of Medical Implants on Host Response

Abstract

The aim of this literature review is to analyze various implant properties and their association with host response and biocompatibility. Based on the electronic search of journals, books published in pubmed, google scholar and Elsevier, necessary data was collected and analyzed. The various properties of biomaterial and their modifications to make them acceptable by the body has been discussed. Various materials with different surface characteristics, design and modification techniques are analyzed. The overall study revealed, implant material need to have different properties based on the site of implant and intended use. Mostly metals with smooth surface showed good biocompatibility in dental and bone implants while ceramics and polymers which are highly porous had better results in vascular and implant site with more soft tissues.