Two-stage mesh-graft urethroplasty

Abstract

Most uncomplicated strictures of the anterior and posterior urethra are successfully treated with a one-stage procedure. Among these procedures are stricture resection and consecutive end-to-end anastomosis or contemporary methods of tissue transfer such as flap procedures. However, complex strictures with significant scar tissue formation of the urethra, strictures that have undergone prior repeated surgery, and urethra malformations found in severe hypospadia cases continue to present a challenge for surgery. The problems arise from a lack of the healthy elastic tissue needed to reconstruct the urethra. This applies in particular for long strictures that involve the entire length of the urethra.