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RNA virus reverse genetics and vaccine design

Viruses
DOI: 10.3390/v6072531
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Abstract

RNA viruses are capable of rapid spread and severe or potentially lethal disease in both animals and humans. The development of reverse genetics systems for manipulation and study of RNA virus genomes has provided platforms for designing and optimizing viral mutants for vaccine development. Here, we review the impact of RNA virus reverse genetics systems on past and current efforts to design effective and safe viral therapeutics and vaccines. © 2014 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Figures

  • Figure 1. An overview of common reverse genetic platforms for the recovery of positiveand negative-strand RNA viruses. Most positive-strand RNA virus reverse genetic platforms consist of either direct introduction of full-length copies of the viral genome (which have been transcribed in vitro) or introduction of either a linear or plasmid-associated (bacterial artificial chromosome, BAC) cDNA of the full-length genome in combination with an RdRp (such as T7 polymerase). Negative-strand RNA virus reverse genetic platforms often involve transfection or electroporation of genomic or more commonly subgenomic cDNA into permissive cells in combination with either a helper virus or helper plasmids, all of which driven by a RdRp. Some negative-strand RNA systems employ host polymerase I (Pol I) and II (Pol II) promoters to drive viral RNA synthesis and mRNA production. In both positive- and negative-strand reverse genetics systems, the RdRp (*) is typically constitutively or transiently expressed in the permissive cell type.

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CITATION STYLE

APA

Stobart, C. C., & Moore, M. L. (2014, June 25). RNA virus reverse genetics and vaccine design. Viruses. MDPI AG. https://doi.org/10.3390/v6072531

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