Signs and symptoms

Abstract

Glaucoma oftentimes presents concomitantly or as a complication of active uveitis, so patient differentiation of symptoms may not be possible. Furthermore, active uveitis may force a patient to seek care far before they are symptomatic due to glaucoma. Late presentation of uveitic glaucoma is atypical, with the exception of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, who often present with joint symptoms prior to ocular disease manifestations. Symptoms may be organized based on subjective and clinical presentation. A thorough clinical examination, including tonometry, slit lamp biomicroscopy, dilated fundus examination, and gonioscopy, is absolutely mandatory in patients presenting with the following symptoms, in order to identify and/or differentiate common uveitic syndromes that require special consideration. A thorough history, including questioning regarding symptoms, course, previous therapy, past ocular and medical history, known systemic disorders, medication use, travel history, and family history is also implacably recommended.