Chitosan spray-dried microparticles for controlled delivery of venlafaxine hydrochloride

Abstract

Venlafaxine controlled drug delivery systems using different matrixes have been tested to reduce undesirable side effects in the treatment of depression. The legal status of chitosan (Cs) in Pharmacy has dramatically improved after its acceptance as excipient in several Pharmacopeias and, therefore, there is great interest in pharmaceutical formulations based on this polymer. In this paper, chitosan microcapsules cross-linked with sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) for oral delivery of venlafaxine were formulated using the spray drying technique. The effect of chitosan physico-chemical properties, TPP concentration and TPP/Cs ratio on drug release was evaluated. The microcapsules were characterized in terms of size, zeta potential and morphology. The physical state of the drug was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the drug release from the microcapsules was studied in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids. The release pattern fitted well to the Peppas-Koersmeyer model with n exponents indicating anomalous transport.