History of medical ultrasound

Abstract

The first medical ultrasund was studied by Prof Dussik in Vienna 1942, using A-mode in early diagnostic ultrasound. Early 2D ultrasound showed images by contact compound scan. Prof Ian Donald studied his own B-mode device in gynecologic subjects in 1950s. Mechanical scan real-time ultrasound was Vidson in 1960s. Multiple 64 units was provided in electronic scan, however, early one had neither interlace nor focussing, thus its image was insufficient. Common electronic scan real time device prepared universal focussing function to achieve details even in early fetuses. The image was applied not only in abdominal ultrasound, but also moving heart and narrow transvaginal scan. Real-time B-mode device was fully applied in fetal study after 1980. Although teratogenic ultrasound bioeffect was warned in Japan, the claim was rejected separating transducer heat in a group study, reporting bioeffect threshold as 240mW/cm2 by the author group. The first continuous wave (CW) Doppler fetal arterial flow wave was reporded by the author, who also created fetal Actocardiogram, to record fetal movment and fetal heart rate (FHR). Fetal arterial pulsed Doppler flow wave detected fetal compromise. Fetal face and anomalies were clearly demonstrated using 3 and 4 dimensional ultrasound with the devices provided by Kretstechnik after the first report of Prof Baba in 1986. Fetal neurology was published by Dr Pooh. Prof Kurjak created KANET score. Update 4D image is HDlive Silhouette techniques, which further clearly shows fetal images. Focussed intense ultrasound treated brain tumor by Prof Oka, and Prof Okai cauterized vessels of TRAP sequence.