Evaluation of Arthrocentesis with and Without Platelet-Rich Plasma in the Management of Internal Derangement of Temporomandibular Joint: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of intra-articular injection of platelet-rich plasma after arthrocentesis versus arthrocentesis alone as a treatment modality in patients with internal derangement of temporomandibular joint. Methods: Twenty-four patients suffering from internal derangement of temporomandibular joint were included in the study. The patients were randomly divided into two groups as follows—twelve patients underwent arthrocentesis followed by intra-articular injection of platelet-rich plasma (study group) and the other twelve were treated by arthrocentesis alone (control group). Pain intensity was recorded on visual analogue scale (VAS); maximum mouth opening and joint sound were measured before and after intervention. The patients were clinically evaluated at the intervals of 1 month, 3 and 6 months subsequently. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in all the parameters between the groups. Intra-group analysis showed statistically significant improvement in all the parameters. Conclusion: In both groups, improvement of pain, maximum mouth opening and TMJ sound were observed at all intervals, but there was no statistically significant improvement in arthrocentesis with PRP group when compared with arthrocentesis alone.