Fractures of the Pediatric Foot and Ankle

Abstract

Fractures in the foot and ankle region represent greater than 10% of all pediatric fractures. As in the adult population, fractures occur when the skeletal system is exposed to more force than it can withstand. There are differences in the skeletal structure of a child and an adult. This chapter addresses those fractures that are different and treatment recommendations. Due to growth plates, the pediatric skeleton is much more complicated in regard to fractures especially those involving the growth plate. The pediatric skeletal fractures can occur with different/additional mechanisms to that of the adult skeleton secondary to this. Many of the issues with pediatric fractures do not become apparent for months and sometimes years later as they grow and mature. Careful attention must be paid to the immature skeleton in fracture management. Management of the pediatric skeleton is complex, and careful attention must be paid to make an appropriate diagnosis and to provide the appropriate treatment regimen. Inadequate treatment may result in lifelong issues for the patient and affect foot and ankle function. Technical advances have increased the expected levels of outcome in surgical management of pediatric fractures of the foot and ankle.