Confidence intervals for biomarker-based human immunodeficiency virus incidence estimates and differences using prevalent data

12Citations
Citations of this article
19Readers
Mendeley users who have this article in their library.

This article is free to access.

Abstract

Prevalent biologic specimens can be used to estimate human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) incidence using a two-stage immunologic testing algorithm that hinges on the average time, T, between testing HIV-positive on highly sensitive enzyme immunoassays and testing HIV-positive on less sensitive enzyme immunoassays. Common approaches to confidence interval (CI) estimation for this incidence measure have included 1) ignoring the random error in T or 2) employing a Bonferroni adjustment of the box method. The authors present alternative Monte Carlo-based CIs for this incidence measure, as well as CIs for the biomarker-based incidence difference; standard approaches to CIs are typically appropriate for the incidence ratio. Using American Red Cross blood donor data as an example, the authors found that ignoring the random error in T provides a 95% CI for incidence as much as 0.26 times the width of the Monte Carlo CI, while the Bonferroni-box method provides a 95% CI as much as 1.57 times the width of the Monte Carlo CI. Further research is needed to understand under what circumstances the proposed Monte Carlo methods fail to provide valid CIs. The Monte Carlo-based CI may be preferable to competing methods because of the ease of extension to the incidence difference or to exploration of departures from assumptions. Copyright © 2006 by the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health All rights reserved.

References Powered by Scopus

New testing strategy to detect early HIV-1 infection for use in incidence estimates and for clinical and prevention purposes

614Citations
N/AReaders
Get full text

Simple method to calculate the confidence interval of a standardized mortality ratio (SMR)

444Citations
N/AReaders
Get full text

Detection of acute infections during HIV testing in North Carolina

323Citations
N/AReaders
Get full text

Cited by Powered by Scopus

Generalizing evidence from randomized clinical trials to target populations: The ACTG 320 trial

350Citations
N/AReaders
Get full text

Measuring the HIV/AIDS epidemic: Approaches and challenges

108Citations
N/AReaders
Get full text

Estimation of HIV incidence using multiple biomarkers

60Citations
N/AReaders
Get full text

Register to see more suggestions

Mendeley helps you to discover research relevant for your work.

Already have an account?

Cite

CITATION STYLE

APA

Cole, S. R., Chu, H., & Brookmeyer, R. (2007). Confidence intervals for biomarker-based human immunodeficiency virus incidence estimates and differences using prevalent data. American Journal of Epidemiology, 165(1), 94–100. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwj344

Readers' Seniority

Tooltip

Researcher 5

38%

Professor / Associate Prof. 4

31%

PhD / Post grad / Masters / Doc 4

31%

Readers' Discipline

Tooltip

Medicine and Dentistry 8

53%

Mathematics 3

20%

Nursing and Health Professions 2

13%

Agricultural and Biological Sciences 2

13%

Save time finding and organizing research with Mendeley

Sign up for free