Factorial hidden markov model analysis of random telegraph noise in resistive random access memories

Abstract

This paper presents a new technique to analyze the characteristics of multi-level random telegraph noise (RTN). RTN is dened as an abrupt switching of ei- ther the current or the voltage between discrete values as a result of trapping/de-trapping activity. RTN sig- nal properties are deduced exploiting a factorial hid- den Markov model (FHMM). The proposed method considers the measured multi-level RTN as a super- position of many two-levels RTNs, each represented by a Markov chain and associated to a single trap, and it is used to retrieve the statistical properties of each chain. These properties (i.e. dwell times and amplitude) are directly related to physical properties of each trap.