Comportamento de variáveis fisiológicas em atletas de nado sincronizado durante uma sessão de treinamento na fase de preparação para as Olimpíadas de Atenas 2004

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the behavior of physiological variables during a synchronized swimming training session performed in athletes preparing for the Athens 2004 Olympic Games. Materials and methods: The sampling used was constituted by the duet (24 ± 0 years) who was representing Brazil in the Athens 2004 Olympic Games. Data collection was performed during a 198 minute training session. The training started with the physical portion, followed by the technical portion. In order to determine the glycemia and the β-hydroxybutyrate, it was used an Optium® monitor with its respective stripes. The cortisol and the dehydrogenase lactate enzymes (LDH), concentrations, as well as the kinase creatine (KC) concentration were determined through the radioimmunoassay (RIA©) and through commercially available kits (CELM©), respectively. The follow-up of the heart rate (HR) was performed using an Advantage Polar® heart rate monitor. Results: It was noted a reduction (∼2%) in the body weight. The glycemia also presented a fall (∼30%) compared to the value attained in the beginning of the training session. Otherwise, it was observed an elevation in the cortisol concentration (salivary, 22%, and plasmatic, 29%) and in the β-hydroxybutyrate (∼340%). No significant changes in the plasmatic concentration of the KC and LDH were observed. The follow-up of the HR showed that from all 198 minutes of the training session, 36.5 ± 0.7 minutes were performed at a light intensity; 103.5 ± 0.7 minutes at a moderate intensity, 54.0 ± 2.1 minutes at a high intensity, and 4.0 ± 0.0 minutes at a very high intensity. Conclusions: The weight loss indicates that the hydric reposition was not adequate. The reduction in the glycemia and the increase in the ketonic bodies and cortisol concentrations reinforce the importance of a carbohydrate supplement during the long endurance training. The HR behavior shows that the training session was performed at a moderate intensity, but having fast moments of high intensity, in which routines were performed. © 2006 Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte.