Disorders of ocular motility

Abstract

Coordinated eye movements occur via saccades, smooth pursuit, the vestibular ocular reflex, and convergence. These movements depend on intact supranuclear control mechanisms, brain-stem gaze centers, certain cranial nerves, extraocular muscles, and neuromuscular transmission. Dysfunction of any of these components impairs ocular motility and produces a variety of distinct visual and neurologic signs and symptoms.